Anatomy of flowering plants

Introduction:

Plant anatomy is the study of the internal structure and organisation of plants or plant organs (plant parts).
Plant anatomy includes the study of different plant tissues, their types and their organisation to form various plant organs. It helps us to understand the functioning of higher plants.
Anatomy at times is a key to solving taxonomic discrepancies.
Various industries depend on anatomical studies to ensure product quality.
Dicotyledonous plants and monocotyledonous plants within the Angiosperms have different anatomy.
Plant anatomy helps to differentiate between different types of plants.
Anatomy is dependent on the habitat of the plant and its growing conditions and also indicates adaptive features.
It helps to establish relationships among plant groups.

Topics covered-

Quiz

Q1. A common structural feature of vessel elements and sieve tube elements is
(1) Presence of p-protein
(2) Enucleate condition
(3) Thick secondary walls
(4) Pores on lateral walls

Q2. Grafting is successful in dicots but not in monocots because the dicots have
(1) Vascular bundles arranged in a ring
(2) Cambium for secondary growth
(3) Vessels with elements arranged end to end
(4) Cork cambium

Q3. In the sieve elements, which one of the following is the most likely function of P-proteins.
(1) Deposition of callose on sieve plates
(2) Providing energy for active translocation
(3) Autolytic enzymes
(4) Sealing mechanism on wounding

Q4. For a critical study of secondary growth in plants, which one of the following pairs is suitable?
(1) Wheat and maiden hair fern
(2) Sugarcane and sunflower
(3) Teak and pine
(4) Deodar and fern

Q5. Passage cells are thin-walled cells found in
(1) Central region of style through which the pollen tube grows towards the ovary.
(2) Endodermis of roots facilitating rapid transport of water from cortex to pericycle.
(3) Phloem elements that serve as entry points for substances for transport to other. plant parts.
(4) Testa of seeds to enable emergence of growing embryonic axis during seed germination.

Q6. Vascular tissues in flowering plants develop from:
(1) Plerome
(2) Periblem
(3) Dermatogen
(4) Phellogen

Q7. Transport of food material in higher plants takes place through:
(1) Transfusion tissue
(2) Tracheids
(3) Sieve elements
(4) Companion cells

Q8. In monocots vascular bundles are of closed type, what does it denote?
(1) Xylem is surrounded by phloem
(2) Cambium is absent in vascular bundle
(3) The pores of vessel elements and sieve elements are closed.
(4) No connection in between two successive internodes.

Q9. Ground tissue includes :
(1) All tissues external to endodermis
(2) All tissues except epidermis and vascular bundles
(3) Epidermis and cortex
(4) All tissues internal to endodermis

Q10. The cork cambium, cork and secondary cortex are collectively called :
(1) Phelloderm
(2) Phellogen
(3) Periderm
(4) Phellem

Answer key:

1. (2)
2. (2)
3. (4)
4. (3)
5. (2)
6. (1)
7. (3)
8. (2)
9. (2)
10. (3)