Types of Connectors

Definition

We use an ample number of gadgets these days. To connect these gadgets, we need connectors. Various types of connectors are present in the market. Some connectors outperform one another, while some are used for the same purposes. But overall, connectors are used to perform the same function, i.e. to disconnect and connect the circular path of electric current.

Depending upon the various functions of connectors like the ease of connection, mating type, insulation between pins, design and durability, collectors are designed to perform in extreme conditions, such as contaminants, extreme temperatures, water, dirt, vibrations, etc. Connectors are classified based on level, function and type of termination. Let us study these connectors.

Classification of connectors based on connector level:

Box to box or input and output connectors – These input and output connectors attach external devices such as keyboards, printers, displays, and gaming consoles to the main server.
Wire to board connector – To connect wires to a printed circuit board, we use wire to board connectors. These enable the connectivity between circuits for ease of flow of current.
Chip package connector – These connectors consist of a conductive member, which is electrically coupled to the remote device and its contacts. While attaching this connector, the contacts are arranged for electrical and mechanical support by coupling it with an electrical circuit.
Package to board connector – This connector is used to attach various cables or ports in a single socket. They are mostly in motherboards to attach multiple wires of the computer to the chip.
PC board to board connector – In a PC board to board connector, the device is made so that it can provide signal connections between two printed circuit boards, commonly known as PCBs.

Classification of connectors based on connector function:

Terminal block binding post – These connectors are used to terminate a single wire and connect with the electrical circuit. Terminal blocks are used to connect wires without cutting them. They are easier and more convenient to use than other connectors.
Plug and socket – They are used frequently to control electrical circuits. Most commonly found in our homes, they provide connections between components and control circuitry.
Rack and panel – Engineers specially design this connector to connect any equipment rack to any device. They are mostly used for commercial and military uses. The highest quality and most durable standard materials are used to prepare these types of connectors.
Blade – One end of this connector type is flattened like a blade, while the other end is used to insert circular cables. They are used to control voltage in electrical circuits.
Ring and spade – These connectors are a common tool in mechanical engineering. It helps to connect open wires in the electrical circuit.

Classification of connectors based on collector level termination:

Insulation displacement – They are also known as insulation piercing contact (IPC), used to connect a conductor with sharp blade ends, which are cold-welded after the connection is done. They are used to make tight connections in electrical devices.
Crimping – They are gas-tight connectors used between various electrical devices.

Other types of connectors include:

Keyed connectors – When properly aligned against each other, these connectors can be joined among themselves. Due to this property, they do not cause any accidental damage to the terminal pins of the connectors.
ESD shielded connectors – These types of connectors have a covering to protect electrostatic discharge from outflowing. This prevents the electrical circuit from getting damaged or short-circuiting.
Lock connectors – These connectors possess an inbuilt locking mechanism that helps to keep the connection tight and do not let it move from its place.
EMI filtering – These connectors are used in common households where electricians need to prevent electromagnetic interference.
Water-resistant connectors – Any connector is prone to damage if it comes in contact with water. Therefore, these connectors do not get damaged even though they come in contact with water.
Hermetically sealed connectors – These connectors are used where water flow is high. Therefore, they do not get damaged by hydraulic pressure.
Moisture or oil-resistant connected – They are specially made not to spoil from oil and moisture.

Application of connectors

1. We have studied different types of connectors and their unique use. There are more than hundreds of collectors that software and information technology companies use.
2. Connectors are used in daily life for day to day activities. We connect our laptops and smartphones to charge them with the help of a connector.
3. Universal serial bus, also known as USB, is a standard connector dad we find in homes for data transferring.
4. Connectors are used as radiofrequency connectors in many parts of the world. These connectors help to prevent the change of transmission line impedance.