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Any integer in the number system, which when divided by two yields no remainder, is said to be an even number. This implies that the numbers are even if they are exactly divisible by the number 2. The one-digit examples of even numbers are 2, 4, 6, and 8. The two-digit, three digits numbers etc., are even, if they contain 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 in their unit’s place. All these numbers are even numbers because they leave no remainder on division with 2. The numbers which counter the even numbers are called odd numbers and are defined as the integers which leave some remainder on division with 2. They also yield a decimal value and are not perfectly divisible. Examples of such numbers are 3, 5, 13, 11, 21, etc.
Let us assume that Ram has 8 apples. If he groups them in pairs, he will have 4 pairs of apples with no apple left unpaired. That means the remainder is zero. From this, we can deduce that 8 is perfectly divisible by 2, with the quotient being 4. This experiment proves that if an even number is divided by 2, then the remainder will always be zero (no remainder left). Likewise, if he pairs them as 3 then he will form 2 groups of 3 apples, and 1 group will be left with 2 apples. This implies that 8 is not completely divisible by odd numbers. Even numbers are only multiples of 2.
To inspect whether the numbers are either even or odd, we need to carefully check the unit’s place of the numbers. The numbers having 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 as their unit digits will be called even numbers, while the numbers containing 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 are considered as odd numbers. Let us consider a random number, say 315, since it has 5 in its unit place and 5 is an odd number; therefore, the number is also an odd number. Similarly, 11, 223, 877, and 69 are odd numbers.
Even numbers share a lot of properties. Let us now learn about various arithmetic properties of even numbers such as addition, subtraction, etc.
Two even numbers multiplied by each other yields an even number, and the product of an even and an odd number is also an even number. For example, 4 * 6 = 24, 3 * 8 = 24.