NEET-UG 2022 comprises 180 questions that are divided into three sections, i.e., Physics (45 questions), Chemistry (45 questions), and Biology (90 questions). It means the weightage of the Biology section is more than the other two sections.
One of the smart techniques to prepare for the NEET 2022 exam is to know about the important questions from each chapter. This article will help you with important questions from each Biology chapter for the NEET 2022 exam.
Chapter-wise Important Questions for NEET 2022
Chapter 1: The Living World
1. What is the correct representation of organisation levels in living beings?
Atomic→Molecular→Subcellular→Cellular→Tissue→Organ System→Individual
2. What is the first step of taxonomy?
The first step of taxonomy is the identification of the organism.
Chapter 2: Biological Classification
1. What is the sequence of taxonomic categories?
Division→Class→Order→Family→Tribe→Genus→Species
2. What do you mean by Biological Classification?
To identify dissimilarities among organisms and place them into groups that reflect their most important features and relationship.
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Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom
1. Why does Funaira require water?
In Funaira, fertilisation occurs only in water. Therefore, it requires water.
2. What do you mean by Phenetics?
Phenetics is a method of classification based on similarities between organisms without regard to their evolutionary relationships. In this classification, the organisms are arranged according to the overall similarities of existing organisms based on observation characters.
Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom
1. Name the two animals that have non-glandular skin.
Chameleon and Turtle.
2. Name the common feature shared by birds and mammals.
Both are warm-blooded.
Chapter 5: Morphology of Flowering Plants
1. What are adventitious roots?
Roots developed from the part of the plant other than the radicle are called adventitious roots.
2. Where does the placenta attach to develop the seed?
It is attached to the developing seed near the hilum.
Chapter 6: Anatomy of Flowering Plants
1. What is the responsibility of the pericycle in roots?
To form the lateral roots.
2. Why is grafting not possible in monocots?
Grafting is not possible in monocots because they lack cambium.
Chapter 7: Structural Organisation of Animals
1. Who secretes the non-cellular basement membrane of epithelial cells?
The epithelium and connective tissues secrete it.
2. Which system is associated with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium?
Respiratory system.
Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life
1. Give an example of the dye not used for staining chromosomes?
Safranin stain is not used for staining chromosomes.
2. Who proposed the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?
J. Singer and G. L. Nicolson proposed the improved model of cell membrane structure. Later this model was widely accepted as the fluid mosaic model.
Chapter 9: Biomolecules
1. What does glycogen make up?
Glycogen is made of glucose units.
2. What is the most plentiful component of a cell in a living organism?
The most abundant component of a cell is water.
Chapter 10: Cell Cycle and Cell Division
1. Where does the nuclear membrane disappear?
The nuclear membrane disappears in the Late Prophase.
2. Where does pairing between homologous chromosomes take place?
In the zygotene stage of prophase-I.
Chapter 11: Transport in Plants
1. What happens when potassium ions enter the guard cells?
When K⁺ ions enter the guard cells, stomata open, and when K⁺ ions exit the guard cells, stomata close.
2. What is the use of a Potometer?
It is used to determine the rate of transpiration in plants.
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Chapter 12: Mineral Nutrition
1. Which bacteria converts ammonia into nitrite?
Nitrosomonas.
2. What is Hydroponics?
It is the technique of growing plants without soil in the nutrient solution.
Chapter 13: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants
1. To form a glucose molecule, how many molecules of ATP and NADPH₂ are required in plants?
Plants required 18 molecules of ATP and 12 molecules of NADPH₂ during the formation of glucose.
2. What is the correct sequence of stages of the Clavin cycle?
Carboxylation→Reduction→Regeneration
Chapter 14: Respiration in Plants
1. Why does R. Q. get highest when the respiratory substance is maleic acid?
It happens because maleic acid is an organic acid that produces CO₂ after oxidation. Due to which R. Q. gets highest.
2. It is said that Phosphorus plays an important role in the energy metabolism process. Why?
It is because Phosphorus produces ATP energy during the energy metabolism process.
Chapter 15: Plant Growth and Development
1. What is differentiation?
It is the process when totipotent embryonic stem cells change their structure, shape, and chemistry to meet the function they perform.
2. Why is abscisic acid known as a stress hormone?
Abscisic acid is known as a stress hormone because it increases the tolerance of plants to various stresses.
Chapter 16: Digestion and Absorption
1. Why do you lose hunger in a fever?
Hunger is excited with the average decrease in body temperature. As the body’s temperature increases in fever, hunger is lost.
2. How many monophyodont teeth are there in human beings?
There are eight premolars and four molars in human beings.
Chapter 17: Breathing and Exchange of Gases
1. What is the correct sequence of the air passage in a man?
External nares→Nasopharynx→Larynx→Trachea→Bronchi→Bronchioles→Alveoli
2. Why is CO more toxic than CO₂?
Haemoglobin shows a maximum affinity for CO, and CO reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of haemoglobin. It makes CO more toxic than CO₂.
Chapter 18: Body Fluids and Circulation
1. What is Pericardium?
The heart is encircled in a double-walled sac known as Pericardium.
2. Name the doctor who performed the first heart transplant.
William Harvey.
Chapter 19: Excretory Products and Their Elimination
1. In which part does Aldosterone act?
Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT).
2. Which part of the nephron is also called Renal Corpuscle?
Bowman’s capsule and Glomerulus.
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Chapter 20: Locomotion and Movement
1. What is muscular dystrophy?
A genetic disorder resulting in progressive degeneration of skeletal muscles is called muscular dystrophy.
2. What is Rigour Mortis?
Rigidity produced in muscles after the death of the person is called Rigour Mortis.
Chapter 21: Neural Control and Coordination
1. How does the potential of the resting membrane maintain?
Resting membrane potential is maintained by ion pumps.
2. Who controls the function of visceral organs?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic neural systems control it.
Chapter 22: Chemical Coordination and Integration
1. What is the responsibility of thymosin?
It’s responsible for the differentiation of T-lymphocytes.
2. What is the name of the group of hormones produced by Leydig cells?
They produce a group of hormones called androgens.
Chapter 23: Reproduction in Organisms
1. Match the following:
| Column A | Column B |
| Potato | Conjugation |
| Spirogyra | Stem cuttings |
| Rose | Conidiospores |
| Penicillium | Stem tubers |
Potato – Stem tuber, Spirogyra – Conjugation, Rose – Stem cuttings, Penicillium – Conidiospores
2. Why are dogs called seasonal breeders?
Dogs are seasonal breeders because they exhibit the oestrous cycle only during favourable seasons in their reproductive phase.
Chapter 24: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
1. What is the meaning of siphonogamy in angiosperm?
In seed plants, fertilisation is known as siphonogamy. A pollen tube brings the male gametes to the egg containing the female gametophyte.
2. What is a haploid plant?
A plant raised from a single germination pollen grain under cultural conditions is called a haploid plant.
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Chapter 25: Human Reproduction
1. The ampulla is the part of which reproductive system?
Female reproductive system.
2. Name the sections in which the man’s epididymis from the anterior to posterior is divided?
Epididymis has three parts: anterior caput, middle corpus, and posterior cauda epididymis.
Chapter 26: Reproductive Health
1. What is the most dangerous sexually transmitted disease?
HIV/AIDS is the most dangerous sexually transmitted disease. HIV causes AIDS. It weakens the immune system and can’t be cured.
2. In the artificial insemination technique, where does semen collected?
Artificial insemination is a fertility treatment method in which semen either from a husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced directly into a woman’s womb.
Chapter 27: Principle of Inheritance and Variation
1. Why can’t males be the carriers of colour blindness?
Colour blindness is a sex-linked recessive trait. And males only have X-chromosomes which makes them unable to be its carriers.
2. What will be the cross result between a homozygous female and a haemophiliac male?
The cross result between a homozygous female and a haemophiliac male would produce a normal male or a female carrier child.
Chapter 28: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
1. How many base pairs of nucleotides are present in the human genome?
The human genome has 3.1647 billion (3 x 10⁹ bp) nucleotide base pairs and about 20,500 genes. The average gene size is 3000 base pairs.
2. Which enzyme is known as the ‘chemical knife of DNA?’
Endonuclease enzymes are known as the ‘chemical knife of DNA.’ They cleave DNA at or near the specific recognition sequences (known as restriction sites).
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Chapter 29: Evolution
1. Why do most biologists think RNA was the first genetic material?
It is because the existence of ribozymes suggests that early cells could have used RNA to catalyse chemical reactions and transfer information.
2. According to the chemical evolution theory, what is the sequence of origin of life?
Inorganic molecules→Organic molecules→Colloidal aggregates→Coacervates→Cell
Chapter 30: Human Health and Disease
1. What is the WHO Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) composition?
The ORS is the most effective way to cure acute diarrhoeal diseases. It is composed of Sodium Chloride, Anhydrous Glucose, Potassium Chloride, and Trisodium Citrate.
2. What is the definition of ‘health’ according to WHO?
Health is defined as complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Chapter 31: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
1. Which infectious and contagious bacterial diseases affect cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and buffaloes?
Anthrax is an acute infectious disease of farm animals caused by the bacterium ‘Bacillus Anthracis.’ This disease can also be transmitted to humans by contact with animal hairs, hides, and excrements.
2. What is the name given to the somatic hybridisation between potato and tomato?
The somatic hybrid between potato and tomato belonging to two different genera is called Pomato.
Chapter 32: Microbes in Human Welfare
1. Which antibiotic was extensively used to treat American soldiers wounded in World War II?
In 1940, E. Chain and H. Florey obtained a relatively stable penicillin preparation. This antibiotic was extensively used to treat the wounds of American soldiers in World War II.
2. What is the Batch Process?
In this process, the nutrients and microorganisms are put into the closed reactor and allowed to proceed until maximum yields have been observed.
Chapter 33: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
1. Why are DNA ligases called genetic gum?
DNA ligases join two individual fragments of double-stranded DNA by forming phosphodiester bonds between them. They help in sealing the DNA fragments. Therefore, they act as genetic gum or molecular glue.
2. What is Recon?
Recon is the smallest unit of DNA that is capable of recombination.
Chapter 34: Biotechnology and its Applications
1. What is Pathophysiology?
The term ‘Pathophysiology’ means the functional changes associated with or resulting from a disease or injury or a disease or syndrome.
2. Does organic farming involve genetic engineering?
In organic farming, farmers use manure, biopesticides, biofertilizers, and biocontrol agents to increase crop production instead of artificial fertilisers and pesticides. It doesn’t include genetic engineering.
Chapter 35: Organisms and Populations
1. What is the reason for the increase in global temperature?
The concentration of CO₂ is increasing day by day due to human activities. CO₂ can absorb heat radiation. Therefore, it increases global warming (or global temperature).
2. How does PAN form?
PAN (Peroxyacetyl Nitrate) is formed due to the occurrence of the photochemical reactions between nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons.
Chapter 36: Ecosystem
1. What is net primary productivity (NPP)?
The total energy stored in the plant tissues after utilising some energy for their metabolic activities through respiration is called net primary productivity (NPP).
2. If all the world’s plants die, all the animals will also die. Give a reason.
It happens because all the consumers (animals) depend on producers (plants) for their food.
Chapter 37: Biodiversity and Conservation
1. What do you mean by eroded soil?
The topsoil is fertile as it contains organic matter and nutrients. When soil erosion occurs, the topsoil is removed. As a result, due to the absence of plant nutrients, the productivity of the soil is reduced. Such soil is called eroded soil.
2. What is the threat to wildlife?
Habitat destruction is most dangerous to the wildlife because the habitat provides a suitable atmosphere necessary for survival.
Chapter 38: Environmental Issues
1. When did the wildlife protection act pass?
The wildlife protection act was passed in 1972.
2. What is the main cause of the Bhopal Gas Tragedy?
It was one of the world’s worst environmental and industrial disasters. It happened not due to the side effects of radioactive products but because of the leakage of phosgene and methyl isocyanate gas.
