Matter in our Surroundings: Know All About the Topic

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Well-Curated Study Material

The learning objectives of this chapter are characteristics of Matter, Effect of change in temperature and pressure on the states of matter, factors affecting evaporation and the effects of evaporation. Here you can Study Matter in our surroundings chapter in detail.

Important NCERT Question from Matter in Our Surroundings

Question 1: Which of the following are matters?

Chair, air, love, smell, hate, almonds, cold, cold drink, smell of perfume, thought

Answers: Anything that occupies space and has mass is called Matter. Matter can exist in three physical states – solid, liquid and gases. Chair and almond are forms of matter in the solid state. Cold drink is a liquid state of matter. Air and smell of perfume are gaseous states of matter

The sense of smell is not matter. However, the smell or odour of a substance is classified as matter. The smell of any substance is the gaseous form of that substance which the olfactory system can detect. Hence, the smell of perfume is matter.

Question 2: A diver is able to cut through water in a swimming pool. Which property of matter does this observation show?

Answers: The ability of a diver to cut through water in a swimming pool shows that matter is made up of particles.

Question 3: What are the characteristics of particles of matter?

Answers: The characteristics of particles of matter are:

i) Particles of matter have spaces between them

ii) Particles of matter are continuously moving

iii) Particles of matter attract each other

Question 4: The mass per unit volume of a substance is called density (density= mass/volume. Arrange the following density – air, exhaust from chimney, honey, water, chalk, cotton and iron.

Answers: The given substances in the increasing order of their densities can be represented as:

Air <Exhaust from Chimney <Cotton <Water <Honey <Chalk <Iron

Question 5: Convert the following temperature to celsius state

1. 300 K b) 573 K

Answers: a) 300 K = (300-273)C = 27 C

1. B) 573 K = (573-273) C = 300 C

Question 6: For any substance, why does the temperature remain constant during the change of state?

Answers: During a change of state, the temperature remains constant. This is because all the heat supplied to increase the temperature is utilised in changing the state by overcoming the forces of attraction between the particles. Therefore, this heat does not contribute in increasing the temperature of a substance.

Question 7: Why does our palm feel cold when we put some acetone or petrol or perfume on it.

Answers: When we put some acetone or petrol or perfume on our palm, it evaporates. During evaporation, particles of the liquid absorb energy from the surrounding or the surface of the palm to compensate for the loss of energy, making the surroundings cool. Hence, our palm feels cold when we put some acetone or petrol or perfume on it.

 Question 8: What produces more severe burns, boiling water or steam?

Answers: Steam has more energy than boiling water. It possesses the additional latent heat of vaporization. Therefore, burns produced by steam are more severe than those produced by boiling water.

Conclusion:

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