JEE Main 2022 Chemistry Revision Notes For Session 1

Revision notes are extremely useful for students preparing for the IIT JEE Main 2022 Examinations. These comprehensively designed revision notes will assist students in preparing for their upcoming JEE 2022 Chemistry Examination. These revision notes compile the entire JEE 2022 Chemistry Syllabus. These JEE 2022 Chemistry revision notes primarily concentrate on the IIT JEE 2022 curriculum and extensively cover topics with higher weightage in the JEE Main 2022 examination. 

These revision notes also include previous year’s questions papers, which will help students understand the types of questions that will be asked in the JEE 2022 Examinations and will also assist students in managing their time when answering the questions. 

Students can use JEE Previous Year Question Paper with Answer Keys Past 12 Years | AESL to improve their skills.

JEE Main 2022 Chemistry Revision Notes

Atomic Structure

• The nucleus of an atom is composed of several neutrons and protons, which are surrounded by electrons in orbitals. Orbitals are classed based on the four quantum numbers that indicate the energy, orientation, shape, and spin of the electron filling the orbital. The electron and the technique for explaining electrons and their orbitals will be the subject of the first portion of Atomic Structure. 
• The second portion will go through the properties of electrons, differentiating between valence and inner electrons before widening the subject to look at the features of electron configurations. 
• The third section will revisit past patterns before describing periodic trends relating to atomic size, ionisation energy, electronegativity, and electron affinity.

JEE Main Chemistry Important Topics

• Chemistry is the study of matter’s structure, composition, and characteristics.
• Matter is defined as anything with mass that occupies space.
• Matter occurs primarily in three states: solid, liquid, and gaseous. By varying the temperature and pressure, these forms can be interconverted.
• Mixtures and pure substances are the two forms of matter.
• Dalton’s atomic theory says that atoms are the building blocks of matter.
• All atoms of the same element carry the same properties, including the same mass. The mass of atoms changes with elements.
• When atoms of different elements mix in a specific ratio, compounds are produced.
• In a chemical reaction, atoms are neither generated nor destroyed.

States of Matter

• A solid is defined as matter with a set volume and shape.
• A liquid is a matter with a set volume but no fixed shape.
• Gas is a matter that does not have a fixed shape or volume.
• Plasma, like a gas, has no set volume or shape. It can conduct electricity and react to magnetism, unlike gas.
• The kinetic energy of matter particles determines the state of matter.

Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

• A chemical bond is a physical process that attracts and holds atoms and molecules collectively in more stable compounds. When atoms’ outer electron orbitals are not filled, they are more reactive and thus more prone to bond.
• Molecular structure defines the placement of the atoms, not the electrons in an element. The molecular structure is the structure that comprises the arrangement of the atoms in the molecule.

Chemical Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics is the discipline of science that studies the relationship between energy, heat, and work. The primary goal of studying chemical thermodynamics is to learn about, 

• Energy transitions from one form to another
• Making use of diverse types of energy

Chemical thermodynamics focuses on how heat and work interact in different states, resulting in new chemical reactions. It consists of principles and laws that describe how heat works and collaborates with each, which activities can occur naturally and require assistance.

Solutions

• A solution is a uniform mixture. The solvent is the primary component, whereas the solute is the small component.
• Any phase can exist in a solution; for instance, an alloy is an example of a solid solution. Solutes are either soluble or insoluble, which means they dissolve or do not dissolve in a specific solvent.
• The terms miscible and immiscible are used instead of soluble and insoluble for liquid solutes and solvents.
• Molarity is a typical concentration unit in the chemistry laboratory. Molarity can be explained as the total number of moles of solute per litre of solution.
• Equivalents are units of concentration expressed in terms of moles of charge on ions.
• The characteristics of solutions vary from those of pure solvents.

Chemical Equilibrium

• Many chemical processes do not finish but instead reach a condition of chemical equilibrium.
• It is a state in which the forward and backward reaction rates remain the same, and the concentrations of reactants and products stay constant.
• Although there is no net change in the amount of reactant and product molecules, equilibrium is a dynamic process in which conversions of reactants to products and products to reactants continue.

Redox Reaction and Electro-Chemistry

Redox reactions (also known as oxidation-reduction chemical reactions) are reactions in which the oxidation states of the reactants change. ‘Redox’ is a short form for reduction-oxidation reactions. Redox reactions can be classified into reduction reactions and oxidation reactions.

• These reactions always involve simultaneous oxidation and reduction events. In a chemical reaction, the reduced component is the oxidising agent, whereas the oxidised component is the reducing agent.

Electrochemistry can be defined as the study of chemical reactions that cause electrons to move (or flow). This movement of electrons from one component to another is known as electricity. It can be produced by moving electrons from one component to another in a redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction.

Chemical Kinetics

• Chemical kinetics, often known as reaction kinetics, studies the speeds of reactions and how they are affected by environmental factors. It also aids in gathering and analysing information about the reaction’s mechanism and defining the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
• Chemical kinetic principles apply to both pure physical processes and chemical reactions.
• It demonstrates the principles of chemical processes.

Surface Chemistry

• Surface chemistry (also known as surface engineering) analyses chemical events that occur at the interface of two surfaces, solid-gas, solid-liquid, solid-vacuum, liquid-gas, and so on.
• Adsorption is the phenomenon of a solid (or a liquid) attracting and keeping the molecules of a substance on its surface, resulting in a larger concentration of the molecules on the surface. 
• Adsorbate is the substance that is adsorbed, and adsorbent is the substance that adsorbs.
• Desorption means the removal of an adsorbed component from an adsorbed surface.
• Adsorption is not the same as absorption. The component is equally distributed over a solid or liquid body during absorption.

Classification of Elements and Periodicity of Properties

• The periodic properties of elements are indirectly or directly linked to their atoms’ electronic structure (configuration) and show changes (either increases or decreases) as one moves down in a group for a longer period.
• Mendeleev ordered elements in a table’s horizontal rows and vertical columns in ascending atomic weight order so that elements with comparable properties filled the same vertical column or group.

General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements

Metallurgy refers to the complete scientific and technical process of isolating metal from its ore. The extraction and isolation of an element from its mixed form includes several chemical principles. Nonetheless, some general concepts apply to all metal extraction procedures.

Hydrogen

• Hydrogen (H) is one of the simplest members of the chemical element family. It is a colourless, tasteless, odourless, combustible gaseous material.
• The hydrogen atom contains a nucleus that consists of a proton with one unit of positive electrical charge and an electron with one unit of negative electrical charge.

s-Block Elements

The periodic table‘s s-block elements are those in which the final electron enters the topmost (outermost) s-orbital. Because the s-orbital can only hold two electrons, the s-block of the periodic table is made up of two groups (1 & 2).

p-Block Elements

The group 15 of the periodic table is of p-block elements, which consists of electronegative elements. They have oxidation states varying from -3 to +5. The decreasing order of the reactivity of bases is NH3 > PH3 > ASH3 > SbH3. 

d and f Block Elements

• The periodic table’s d-block contains elements from groups 3-12, with the d orbitals gradually filling in each of the four long stretches. The f-block comprises elements that gradually fill 4 f and 5 f orbitals. They are located at the bottom of the periodic table in a separate panel.
• Transition elements (or transition metals) are another name for d-block elements, and inner transition elements are another name for f-block elements (or inner transition metals).

Coordination Compounds

Coordination compounds (coordination complexes) are chemical compounds composed of a cluster of anions or neutral molecules linked to a central atom by coordinate covalent connections. Ligands are the molecules or ions bonded to the central atom (also known as complexing agents).

Environmental Chemistry

• Environmental chemistry studies how chemicals affect the air, water, and soil and how they affect human health and the environment.
• It is used to protect the groundwater that has been contaminated by dirt, sand, and waste particles.

Purification and Characterisation of Organic Compounds

Purification is required for organic substances taken from nature or generated in the laboratory. Purification procedures vary depending on the nature of the substance and the impurity contained in it.

Methods of Purification

In Solids

• Crystallisation
• Fractional Crystallisation
• Sublimation

In Liquids

• Simple Distillation
• Fractional Distillation

Some Basic Properties of Organic Chemistry

• Organic chemistry studies the structure, characteristics, and interactions of organic molecules, including carbon-carbon covalent bonds.
• It is used to determine the structural formula of a chemical compound.
• It studies the physical and chemical qualities and the chemical reactivity of the chemical compounds.

Hydrocarbons

• Hydrocarbons are organic chemical compounds composed of two types of atoms: carbon and hydrogen.
• These gases have no colour. They have minimal odours.
• They can have both simple and complicated structures. 
• They are expressed into four subtypes: alkynes, alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and alkenes.

Organic Compounds Containing Halogens

Organic chemical compounds in which halogen atoms have replaced one or more hydrogen atoms can be termed Halo-organic compounds.

These compounds are classified into haloalkanes, haloarenes, and haloalkanes.

• Haloalkanes are organic chemical compounds with a single carbon-halogen bond.
• Haloarenes are organic chemical compounds with double carbon-halogen bonds.
• Haloalkanes are organic chemical compounds with triple carbon-halogen bonds.

Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen

• Alcohol (R-OH); ketones (R-CO-R); ethers (R-O-R); carboxylic acids (R-COOH); aldehydes (R-CO-H); esters (R-COO-R); acid anhydrides (R-CO-O-CO-R); amides (R-C(O)-NR2) are some of the main organic compounds that include oxygen (where “R” is an organic group).
• Oxygen combines spontaneously with numerous organic compounds (at or below room temperature); this process is known as autoxidation.

Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen

• Organic chemical compounds that combine with nitrogen are called nitro-organic compounds.
• Among organic compounds with nitrogen are amines, alkyl nitrates, amides, nitroarenes, nitrosamines, and peroxy acyl nitrates.

Polymers

• Polymers are natural or artificial substances made up of large molecules known as macromolecules, subsets of basic chemical units known as monomers.
• They make up many materials found in living beings, such as proteins, nucleic acids and cellulose.
• Polymers are not limited to monomers with the same chemical structure, molecular weight, or composition.

Biomolecules

• Biomolecules are the essential organic compounds in living beings’ maintenance and metabolic activities. 
• These non-living molecules are the actual foot soldiers in the war for life’s nourishment. 
• Small molecules such as hormones and primary and secondary metabolites are examples of massive macromolecules like proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.

Chemistry in Everyday Life

Chemistry is more than just glass beakers and laboratory workshops. It is everywhere, and the more people understand chemistry, the more they understand the world. People can find chemistry in every part of life; some examples include,

• The sky is blue.
• How does ice float on water?
• How does sunscreen work?
• How does soap clean?

Principles Related to Organic Chemistry

Principles of practical chemistry investigate numerous processes and methods for various constituents’ qualitative and quantitative determination. These approaches are classified according to the nature of the substances, which can be inorganic, organic, or physical.

Some of these tests are:

• Preliminary tests
• Wet Tests 
• Flame tests
• Detection of Halogens
• Detection of Sulphur
• Detection of nitrogen
• Volumetric analysis

Conclusion

The key to solving JEE 2022 Chemistry problems and achieving high grades is to grasp the underlying concepts. To complete JEE 2022 Chemistry questions effortlessly, students must have a good conceptual basis. Simply memorising the theories and formulas would not help a JEE 2022 aspirant acquire problem-solving skills.

These JEE 2022 Chemistry revision notes will help students understand and analyse various basic concepts taught in the subject. Thereby ensuring students clear their JEE 2022 Chemistry Exam with flying colours!

Also See:

JEE Mains 2023: Most Important Chapters for JEE Mains 2023

FAQs

1. What is the importance of JEE Main 2022 Chemistry revision notes?\

JEE Main 2022 Chemistry revision notes provided here will assist students in achieving an impressive success rate in laying the foundation for their JEE placement test. These JEE 2022 Chemistry brief notes will be extremely beneficial to students who seek to improve their performance in this subject. Furthermore, JEE 2022 Chemistry is a scoring subject compared to other JEE 2022 subjects (Physics and Mathematics). The questions in JEE 2022 Chemistry are often founded directly on the theories with fewer prediction-based problems.

2. Which JEE Main 2022 Chemistry chapters should I revise first?

The JEE Main 2022 Chemistry syllabus is made up of approximately 30 chapters. The JEE 2022 Chemistry is split into three sub-sections, Organic, Inorganic, and Physical Chemistry. Students can Get the Syllabus of Chemistry for JEE Main 2022 | AESL here. Because the JEE 2022 Chemistry Syllabus is so vast, it consists of many chapters; students should divide them strategically to maximise their possible break-even point. The following are the essential JEE Main 2022 chapters:

• Organic Compounds Containing Oxygen
• Chemical Kinetics
• Equilibrium
• Transition Elements (d and f block)
• Some Basic Principles Of Organic Chemistry
• s-block Elements
• p-block Elements
• Chemical Bonding And Molecular Structure

3. What things should students keep in mind while studying for JEE Main 2022 Chemistry?

Chemistry is a high-scoring subject for the majority of JEE 2022 aspirants. It often consists of more simple questions. Because the questions are more conceptual than calculative, it is the quickest subject students can solve.

Unlike other subjects, Physics and Mathematics, JEE Main 2022 Chemistry is more concerned with applying concepts than numerical applications. To do well in this section, students must be familiar with the chemical formulas, names, and structure of chemical reactions, equations, and patterns of elements in the periodic table. Comprehensive knowledge of each of these concepts is an important part of the JEE Main 2022 Chemistry syllabus. Solve JEE Main Mock Test Online 2022 – Register Now For Free. 

4. Which reference book should I use for JEE Main 2022 Chemistry?

Here is the list of some of the finest reference books for JEE Main 2022 Chemistry preparation. These books are highly recommended by subject lecturers and previous year IIT JEE toppers.  

• NCERT Class 11 and 12 Textbook 
• Organic Chemistry by Morrison and Boyd for Organic Chemistry
• Problems in Physical Chemistry for JEE (Main & Advanced) by Narendra Awasthi
• Modern Approach to Chemical Calculations by RC Mukherjee
• Concise Inorganic Chemistry by J. D. Lee for Inorganic Chemistry

5. How to study organic chemistry for JEE Main 2022?

Organic chemistry is a component that many students are afraid of, yet it is also the most interesting and high-weighted segment for JEE 2022. Class 11 contains two sections of organic chemistry. The first section is titled “Some basic principles and techniques in Organic Chemistry,” it clarifies all of the fundamentals of organic chemistry. Once students have mastered this section, they can easily move to the next section, “Hydrocarbon”. Along with this, students should regularly practice question papers and mock tests available online. Students can practice JEE Previous Year Question Paper with Answer Keys Past 12 Years | AESL to enhance their knowledge.

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