The CBSE exam class 12 isn’t just another board exam. It’s the one that opens doors to engineering colleges, medical seats, and scholarship opportunities you’ve been working towards.
Here at Aakash, we’ve trained lakhs of students who’ve walked this exact path. Some panicked. Some over-studied. The toppers? They emphasized high-weightage subjects and studied wisely with the appropriate resources.
The truth is simple: Class 12 Science awards merit to students who understand what to study, and not to students who study everything. Let’s break down specifically what topics are of the greatest importance in PCB and how to tackle them.
Class 12 Physics: Practice Helps Score Big
Physics isn’t about memorising derivations. It’s about understanding where marks are hidden and grabbing them systematically.
Important Key Topics in Physics
| Topic | Why It Matters? | What to Focus On? |
| Ray diagrams (lenses, mirrors, instruments) | Optics carries ~18 marks – the highest weightage | Image formation, sign conventions, lens formula applications |
| Capacitor combinations & energy | Electrostatics unit – 16 marks total | Series/parallel circuits, dielectric effect, energy stored |
| Kirchhoff’s laws & Wheatstone bridge | Current electricity core topics | Complex circuit problems, potentiometer applications |
| Biot-Savart law & cyclotron | Magnetism unit – 17 marks | Magnetic field calculations, working principle with diagrams |
| Faraday’s law & motional EMF | Electromagnetic induction backbone | Lenz’s law, self and mutual inductance concepts |
| AC circuits – resonance & power factor | Alternating current numerals | LCR series circuit, impedance, phasor diagrams |
| Photoelectric effect & matter waves | Dual nature – 12 marks unit | Einstein’s equation, de Broglie wavelength numericals |
| Semiconductor devices & logic gates | Electronic devices – 7 marks | p-n junction, transistor configurations, Boolean algebra |
Study hack from Aakash for Physics: Optics alone gives you 14-18 marks. Master ray diagrams and lens formula – that’s 20% of your paper sorted. For Electrostatics and Current Electricity, create one formula sheet and revise it daily. Students who do this never forget them in the exam hall.
Class 12 Chemistry: NCERT Is Your Best Friend
Every reaction, every condition, every reagent in NCERT has appeared in boards. That’s not an exaggeration, that’s a pattern we’ve observed across years of question paper analysis.
Important Key Topics in Chemistry
| Topic | Why It Matters? | What to Focus On? |
| Nernst equation & EMF calculations | Electrochemistry backbone, 4-5 marks | Galvanic vs electrolytic cells, numerical practice |
| Integrated rate equations | Chemical kinetics core concept | First-order derivations, Arrhenius equation |
| Raoult’s law & colligative properties | Solutions chapter most-asked | Depression in freezing point, osmotic pressure numericals |
| Crystal field theory | Coordination compounds crucial | Octahedral splitting, colour of complexes, and isomerism |
| SN1 vs SN2 mechanisms | Organic chemistry game-changer | Differences with examples, reaction conditions |
| Named reactions | Appears in every paper | Sandmeyer, Cannizzaro, Hoffmann bromamide, Kolbe’s |
| Functional group conversions | Conversion questions are common | Alkane → alcohol → aldehyde → acid flow charts |
| Biomolecules & Polymers | Easy 4-5 marks are often ignored | Structures of glucose, starch, and types of polymers |
Study hack from Aakash for Chemistry: Don’t memorise reactions randomly. Write them in three columns:
- Reactant → Reagent → Product
This visual structure makes recall instant during exams. For Organic Chemistry, solve one conversion question daily. By exam time, your brain will start recognising patterns automatically.
Class 12 Biology: Keywords Win More Marks Than Essays
Biology answers aren’t paragraphs. They’re keywords wrapped in proper structure. Examiners scan for specific terms. If they find them, you score. If they don’t, even a long answer gets average marks.
Important Key Topics in Biology
| Topic | Why It Matters? | What to Focus On? |
| Structure of pollen grain & embryo sac | Asked every single year | Labelled diagrams with neat annotations |
| Double fertilisation & embryo development | Sexual reproduction core | Step-by-step process, triple fusion concept |
| Punnett squares & dihybrid crosses | Genetics bread and butter | Monohybrid, dihybrid ratios, test cross problems |
| DNA replication & protein synthesis | Molecular basis favourite | Flowchart with enzymes, transcription-translation process |
| PCR steps & recombinant DNA | Biotechnology most-asked | PCR stages, plasmids, restriction enzymes, and applications |
| Life cycle of Plasmodium | Human health diagram repeated yearly | Stages in mosquito and human, schizogony |
| Nitrogen cycle & carbon cycle | Ecosystem flowcharts | Nitrification, denitrification, role of bacteria |
| Ecological pyramids | Simple yet scoring | Pyramid of numbers, biomass, energy, with examples |
Study hack from Aakash for Biology: Genetics questions follow fixed patterns, Punnett squares, crosses, and pedigree analysis. As soon as you have solved 10-15 problems, the rest will become automatic. In case of diagrams such as DNA replication and protein synthesis, sketch them out on a daily basis.
Clean, labelled diagrams can fetch you full marks even if your theory is average. Human Health & Disease is the easiest-scoring chapter. Many students ignore it and lose easy marks. Don’t make that mistake.
Important Class 12 Exam 2026 Details Need To Know
- CBSE Class 12 Board Exam Details
- CBSE Class 12 Date Sheet 2026
- CBSE Class 12 Result Updates
- CBSE Class 12 Syllabus 2026 (All Subjects)
- CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus
- CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus
- CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus
- CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus
- CBSE Class 12 Sample Papers with Solutions
- CBSE Class 12 Biology Sample Question Papers
- CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Sample Question Papers
- CBSE Class 12 Maths Sample Question Papers
- CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Papers with Solutions
Final Words
These final days aren’t for panic. They’re for polish. For each subject, do this:
- For Physics: Revise derivations with proper steps. CBSE gives step-marking. Practice past year numericals, not random ones.
- For Chemistry: Write reactions from memory. Revise named reactions (Sandmeyer, Gattermann, Kolbe’s). These repeat every year.
- For Biology: Draw diagrams daily. Underline keywords in answers. Practice writing 3-mark answers in exactly 3 points.
Your boards will reward clarity over complexity. Structure over length and accuracy over speed. Study using Aakash CBSE sample paper class 12 to ace the exams. You’ve got this! We at Aakash are rooting for you.
FAQs
Q1. How many CBSE sample paper class 12 should I solve?
Solve 8-10 timed CBSE sample paper class 12 to understand the exam pattern and improve time management.
Q2. Which is the easiest scoring subject in Class 12 Science?
Biology is usually easiest, Chemistry scores well with NCERT, and Physics needs consistent practice.
Q3. Should I use NCERT or reference books?
Always prioritise NCERT; use reference books and CBSE sample paper class 12 for extra practice.
