NEET 2023 Biology Syllabus  - Class wise Topics & Chapterwise Weightage for NEET Biology 

Class 11th Syllabus

Class 12th Syllabus

Diversity in the Living World

Reproduction

Structural organization – Plants and Animals

Genetics and Evolution

Cell Structure and Function

Biology and Human welfare

Plant Physiology

Biotechnology and its applications

Human physiology

Ecology and environment

Unit 1 – Diversity in Living World

Biodiversity; Need for classification; Three domains of life; Taxonomy & Systematics; Concept of species and taxonomic hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of Taxonomy
Herbaria, Botanical gardens; Five kingdom classification; Salient features and classification of plants; Salient features and classification of animals

Unit 2 – Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants

Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants; Animal tissues;
Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems

Unit 3 – Cell Structure and Function

Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules; Cell division

Unit 4 – Plant Physiology

Transport in plants; Long distance transport of water; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients; Diffusion of gases Mineral nutrition; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation Photosynthesis; Site of photosynthesis take place; Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non-cyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis Respiration; Cellular respiration; Energy relations-Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient
Plant growth and development; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth
Regulators; Vernalisation; Photoperiodism

Unit 5 – Human Physiology

Digestion and absorption; Egestion; Nutritional and digestive disorders Breathing and Respiration; Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans; Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders

Body fluids and circulation; Human circulatory system; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system- Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure
Excretory products and their elimination; Human excretory system; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney

Locomotion and Movement; Skeletal system and its functions; Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia Gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout
Neural control and coordination; Nervous system in humans- central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system

Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; Reflex action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear
Chemical coordination and regulation; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action; Role of hormones as messengers and regulators; Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders

Unit 1 – Reproduction

Reproduction in organisms; Asexual reproduction; Modes
Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events-Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation Human Reproduction; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation; Parturition; Lactation
Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies — IVF, ZIFT, GIFT

Unit 2 – Genetics and Evolution

Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex-linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes
Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation-Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting
Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution

Unit 3 – Biology and Human Welfare

Health and Disease; Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse
Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Bio fortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry
Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and bio fertilizers

Unit 4 – Biotechnology and Its Applications

Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering
Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues-Bio piracy and patents

Unit 5 – Ecology and environment

Organisms and environment; Population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution Ecosystem; Energy flow
Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; Nutrient cycling; Ecological succession; Ecological Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release Biodiversity and its conservation; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries
Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warming; Ozone depletion; Deforestatio

Diversity of Living Organisms

12%

Structural Organisation in Plants & Animals

9%

Cell: Structure and Function

8%

Plant Physiology

8%

Human Physiology

16%

Reproduction

11%

Genetics and Evolution

13%

Biology and Human Welfare

9%

Biotechnology and its Applications

4%

Ecology and Environment

10%

No. of Questions asked in Botany in last 12 years

Chapter Name

Grand Total

Molecular Basis of Inheritance

81

Reproduction in Organisms and Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

74

Principles of Inheritance and Variation

71

Cell : The Unit of Life

61

Morphology of Flowering Plants

61

Biological Classification

58

Plant Kingdom

48

Anatomy of Flowering Plants

48

Cell Cycle and Cell Division

47

Environmental Issues

46

Ecosystem

45

Biodiversity and Conservation

40

Microbes in Human Welfare

37

Organisms and Populations

37

Plant Growth and Development

30

Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

28

Transport in Plants

27

Mineral Nutrition

23

Respiration in Plants

20

Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

18

The Living World

12

No. of Questions asked in Zoology in last 12 years

S.No

Chapter Name

Grand Total

1

Biotechnology - Principles and Processes

63

2

Reproduction in Organism & Human Reproduction

59

3

Animal Kingdom

57

4

Biomolecules

52

5

Evolution

50

6

Human Health and Disease

46

7

Structural Organisation In Animals

42

8

Body Fluids and Circulation

41

9

Biotechnology and its applications

34

10

Digestion and Absorption

34

11

Reproductive Health

34

12

Neural control and coordination

31

13

Chemical Coordination & Integration

31

14

Breathing and Exchange of Gases

31

15

Locomotion and Movement

29

16

Excretory Products and their Elimination

24

17

Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production - Animal Husbandry

10

Biodiversity

Chordates

Cell Wall

Taxonomy

Morphology in Flowering Plants

Cell Organelles

Biological Systems of Classification Branches of Taxonomy

Morphology of Root and Its Types

Endomembrane System

Taxonomic Aids

Morphology in Flowering Plants

Nuclear Membrane

Scientific Names of Plants and Animals

Chapter Anatomy of Flowering Plants

Chromosome and Chromatids

Monera

Anatomy of Roots

Chromatin

Kingdom Monera

Anatomy of Stem

Nucleolus

Protista

Cell Organelles

Contractile Proteins

Kingdom Fungi

Cell the Basic Unit of Life

Diffusion Means of Transport Biology

Habitat of Fungi

What Is a Cell

Guttation

Algae and Fungi

An Overview of Cell

Passive Transport

Reproduction in Fungi

Cell Structure and Function

Introduction Hydroponics and the Study of Mineral Requirements of the Plants

Viruses

Cell Theory and Its Modification

Photosynthesis

Pteridophytes

Cell

Respiration

Pteridophytes Alternation of Generations

Prokaryotic Cell

Aerobic Anaerobic Respiration

Algae

Eukaryotic Cell

Seed Germination

Phaeophyceae and Rhodophyceae

Plants

Alimentary Canal

Bryophytes

Cell Envelopes and Cell Membrane Invagination

Internal Anatomy Alimentary Canal

Gymnosperms

Cytoplasm and Cell Membrane

Human Digestive System

Difference Between Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Cell Wall and Cell Membrane

Peristalsis

Disorders of Respiratory System

Regulation of Respiration

Movement and Locomotion

Chapter Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Blood and Plasma

Cilia and Flagella

Human Respiratory System

Human Heart

Endocrine System Ductless Gland

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