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1800-102-2727We all are very much aware of how a Democracy works since we live in one of the world's largest democracies. But the question that arises is why do we need a political party in presence. This chapter focuses on how political parties work and what are the main functions of political parties.
A political party has three major components that are the leaders, the active participants, the followers. We need political parties to perform few functions for the betterment of the country. The Political Parties contest in elections, and upon winning, they make laws, form governments and run the country or the state they have been elected in. Politicians and political parties shape public opinion. The Election commission of India (ECI) sees to it that the voting process is transparent, and the votes or people's opinions have not tampered with. Whichever party wins, make reforms and initiate new welfare schemes. To run the country smoothly and to provide people with choice, political parties are very much necessary. In a democracy with a multiparty system, any number of parties can be formed. There are more than 750 parties registered with the ECI. But in many countries, a one-party system or a two-party system is also followed.
In this chapter, students will learn about how India is different from other countries. In India, we have a multiparty system. Several parties may even come together to form an alliance. It is decided after years of observation and analysis on which system is best for a country.
Students will also learn about the five major national parties like the All India Trinamool Congress, Bahujan Samaj Party, Bharatiya Janata Party, Communist Party of India - Marxist and Indian National Congress and other state parties like Biju Janata Dal, Sikkim Democratic Front, Mizo National Front, and Telangana Rashtra Samithi. There are many internal challenges that political parties may face. There is a lack of democracy or lack of transparency in election procedures. Parties may bribe or use power to gain votes during elections. The constitution made amendments to reduce the problems. Yet, many changes need to be made.
People can put pressure on parties through petitions and agitations and contest in elections independently.
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