NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 - Drainage

The third chapter talks about the Drainage system of India. A drainage basin is nothing but the area where the single river drains. The River system of India is divided into two major groups, one is a Himalayan river, and the other is a Peninsular River.

The chapter outlines various subdivisions under the Himalayan river system and their corresponding locations where they flow into. The characteristics of the peninsular river system have been briefly done. The different rivers that make up the River Ganga are Yamuna, Gangdak, Kosi, and Ghaghara. Likewise, the features of the Brahmaputra river system are described in detail. Every year disasters are caused due to changes in the Brahmaputra river system.

There are several basins under the peninsular river systems which have their characteristics. In the end, the role of rivers in the economy has been mentioned along with a short note on River pollution.

• The chapter begins with a brief note on the Drainage system of India.
• The Himalayan River system is the largest and consists of many other rivers that flow from it.
• The water from the Indus water system is being used by Punjab, Haryana, southern and western parts of Rajasthan.
• Major rivers and lakes of India have been neatly labelled on the map.
• Every year the northern plains face floods due to the rise in the level of Ghaghara, Gangdak, and Koris River in the Himalayan region of Nepal.
• The Narmada river is known for the famous tourist destinations it crosses, which are “The Marble Rocks” near Jabalpur and “Dhuandhar Falls” where the river plunges over the steep rocks.
• Lakes are the source for living organisms but the Sambhar Lake in Rajasthan is a saltwater lake from where the salt is produced.
• Rivers are used in Hydro-irrigation of power, navigation, and so on by the government.
• The chapter also creates awareness of the number of pollutants decreasing water purity, which ought to be stopped using certain measures.