NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science Civics Chapter 3: How the State Government Works

Chapter 3 focuses on the working of the government and ideas of representation, accountability and public welfare. After understanding the functions of both the executive and legislature in detail, students will be able to discuss and achieve the answers of a few questions such as "who is the most powerful person?", "Why can't the MLA solve the problem? Etc. The Government works at three levels which include local, state and national levels. The people elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) and Members of Parliament (MP). MLA represents people of a constituency. Every Indian state has a Legislative Assembly as the seat of power for the state. Each state is divided into different constituencies of MLAs and MPs.

Candidates of different political parties fight in the elections. Besides this, the candidates can also fight as independently without being affiliated to any party. A political party which wins more than half the number of seats in the Legislative Assembly in a state reaches a majority. This majority which can be formed by a single party or groups of parties can come together in an alliance to form a government. This party is called the ruling party and all other members who do not support or are not able to form the government comprise the opposition.

The chief minister then selects other people within his party or alliance as ministers in their cabinet. Then, the Governor of the state appoints the chief minister and other ministers. The chief minister and the council of ministers are responsible for the government's efficient functioning and their ministries.