{"id":131066,"date":"2022-04-02T10:00:11","date_gmt":"2022-04-02T04:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aakash.ac.in\/blog\/?p=131066"},"modified":"2023-04-11T00:46:16","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T19:16:16","slug":"revision-note-from-cbse-class-11-biology-difference-between-diffusion-and-osmosis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aakash.ac.in\/blog\/revision-note-from-cbse-class-11-biology-difference-between-diffusion-and-osmosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Revision Note from CBSE Class 11 Biology: Difference between Diffusion and Osmosis?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biology is all about functions and differences. Students are often asked to explain the differences and similarities in CBSE exams. Amongst several modes of transportation, osmosis, diffusion, and active transport are the most vital <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Biology concepts<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. The difference between diffusion and osmosis has been asked several times in class 11 and 12 exams. Students can also expect related questions in <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NEET 2022<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Students must list down the key difference between diffusion and osmosis to create a proper contrast between the two forms of transport. However, you need to revise the definitions of diffusion and osmosis and get well-versed in the topics before comparing. Here is what we will cover in the article:<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>What is Diffusion?<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The scientist who coined the term: <\/span><b>Robert Brown<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Definition: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion is the movement of any substance from its higher concentration to a lower concentration by random movement of ions or molecules of the substance.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, the movement of molecules is along the concentration gradient. The molecules&#8217; movement continues until the molecular concentration in all the available space becomes the same.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kinetic energy is the force involved in the diffusion of molecules. The definition can also be put as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion is the movement of molecules from their higher kinetic energy to their lower kinetic energy.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, students must remember that diffusion is a passive process and does not require energy expenditure.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are two main types of diffusion: simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simple diffusion: The particles diffuse without any additional support. It usually involves the movement of small size particles.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Facilitated diffusion: The diffusing articles require the support of transmembrane proteins. Thus, this type of diffusion also favours large particles&#8217; movement.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Factors Affecting Diffusion<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several factors influence the rate of diffusion. Some key factors influencing the diffusion rate are as follow:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concentration gradient<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Distance between the two regions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Area of diffusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Size of molecules<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Solubility<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pores in a membrane<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, the rate of diffusion gets faster when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The difference in the concentration gradient is increased<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The distance between the two regions is increased<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The area over which diffusion occurs is increased<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Small size molecules are diffusing<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The molecules are fat-soluble<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The size of pores in a cell membrane is larger, and so is their number<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Students must note that the diffusion of one substance or compound is independent of the presence of the other substance or compound present in the same medium. For instance, many gases diffuse in the air simultaneously at their diffusion rates.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Examples of Diffusion<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion occurs in our day-to-day life. Some common examples of diffusion are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When sugar dissolves in water, its molecules distribute evenly across the liquid giving a uniform sweet taste.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A spray of perfume in one corner of the room reaches the other via diffusion. The molecules of the perfume diffuse through the molecules of air.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When a food colour is dropped into a liquid, the entire liquid changes its colour quickly due to the diffusion of food colour molecules.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Role of Diffusion in Plants and Animals<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is important to understand the concept of diffusion in plants and animals as it plays a vital role in several life processes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Diffusion in Plants<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It helps in the exchange of gases during photosynthesis and respiration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The water vapours diffuse from the intercellular spaces to the atmosphere in transpiration.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion occurs in passive salt uptake.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Diffusion in Animals<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion of glucose and oxygen in and out of cells<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Gaseous exchange during respiration<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>What is Osmosis?<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The scientist who coined the term: <\/span><b>Abbe Nollet<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Definition: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Osmosis is the net movement of water molecules from their region of higher concentration to their region of lower concentration via a semipermeable membrane.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Osmosis can also be defined as:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The movement of water molecules via a differentially permeable membrane from low solute concentration to the region of higher solute concentration.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, osmosis is a passive process, and it does not require any additional energy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Osmotic pressure is another important term related to osmosis. Osmotic pressure is the hydrostatic pressure that balances and prevents further osmotic inflow of water in the concentrated solution.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The two types of osmosis are:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Endosmosis:<\/strong> When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution or water, the water molecules from outside the cell move inside the cell via a semipermeable membrane. This process is called endosmosis. Thus, the cell becomes turgid as the osmotic pressure increases inside the cell.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Exosmosis:<\/strong> When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the water molecules have a higher concentration inside the cell. Thus, water molecules move from inside the cell to outside the cell. Thus, the cell becomes flaccid.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Factors Affecting Osmosis<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The key factors influencing osmosis are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The concentration of the liquid solutions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Temperature<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ionisation of solute molecules<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Surface area\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The difference in water potential\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pressure\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Light and dark<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The rate of osmosis gets faster when:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The concentration gradient is lower<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The temperature increases<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ionisation of solute molecules increases<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The surface area is larger, and the molecules get more space to move across.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The difference in water potential is higher\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pressure increases\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The light is brighter<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Examples of Osmosis<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some common examples of osmosis from daily life are:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Swelling of raisins when placed in water due to endosmosis<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Potato in sugar solution shrinks due to exosmosis<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Significance of Osmosis<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Osmosis has a crucial role to play in both plants and animals.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>In Plants<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It helps in the absorption of water from the soil.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maintain turgidity of the cells<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assists opening and closing of stomata and thus affects photosynthesis and transpiration.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prevents plants from freezing.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>In Animals\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Helps to get nutrients out of food<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Assists in the removal of waste products from the blood.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Difference Between Diffusion and Osmosis<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The following table enumerates the most important points of difference between diffusion and osmosis.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Osmosis<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Diffusion<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It takes place in the liquid medium only.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It occurs in liquid, gas, and solids.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It needs a semipermeable membrane.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It does not need a semipermeable membrane.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is affected by the number of solute particles present in the solvent.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is affected by the presence of other particles.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It needs water for particles\u2019 movement.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It does not require water.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion of only solvent molecules occurs.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion of both the molecules of solute and solvent takes place.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One directional flow of particles.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Particles flow in all the directions.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On applying additional pressure on the solution side, we can stop or reverse the entire process.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diffusion cannot be stopped or reversed.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Takes place only between similar solutions.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Takes place between both the similar and dissimilar solutions.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The concentration of the solvent does not attain equality on the two sides of the membrane.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The concentration attains equality in the available space.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It depends on solute potential.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It doesn\u2019t depend on solute potential.\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Diffusion and Osmosis in NEET Exam<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Students must study the two topics for their NEET exam. Several Botany and Zoology MCQs for NEET revolve around diffusion and osmosis. Therefore, students must not miss out on the two topics, their related terms, and points of differences and similarities.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They can go through <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aakash.ac.in\/ncert-solutions\/class-11\/biology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to check answers to the important questions per the latest\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NEET Biology Syllabus<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is best to keep <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aakash.ac.in\/ncert-solutions\/class-11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NCERT Solutions for Class 11<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> handy when preparing for NEET or other exams.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>Bottomline<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Osmosis and diffusion are two types of transport systems for the movement of molecules both inside and outside of the cells. The two systems have a few similarities, such as their nature; both are passive, i.e., they do not involve energy expenditure (facilitated diffusion is an exception as it requires ATP). The most prominent differences stand out and make the two transport systems different. The difference in the medium in which diffusion and osmosis operate, the involvement of a membrane in osmosis are some of the most striking differences between diffusion and osmosis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biology is all about functions and differences. Students are often asked to explain the differences and similarities in CBSE exams. Amongst several modes of transportation, osmosis, diffusion, and active transport are the most vital Biology concepts. The difference between diffusion and osmosis has been asked several times in class 11 and 12 exams. Students can [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":126721,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3581],"tags":[1064,2714,2713],"class_list":["post-131066","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cbse","tag-biology-exam","tag-cbse-class-11","tag-class-11-biology"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Revision Note from CBSE Class 11 Biology: Difference between Diffusion and Osmosis?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Students must list down the key difference between diffusion and osmosis to create a proper contrast between the two forms of transport. 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