By Team Aakash Byju's | 27th January 2023
It is a device used in the power transmission of electric energy. It works on the basic principles of electromagnetic induction and mutual induction.
The classification of transformers based on voltage levels are: – Step-up transformer – Step-down transformer
It converts high current & low voltage from the primary side into the soft wind & high voltage values on the secondary side.
The primary side of the transformer converts electrical energy into magnetic energy and the secondary side of the transformer converts the magnetic energy into electrical energy.
The schematic diagram of the step-up transformer is shown above.
v
1
Primary winding
T
1
T
2
v
2
output voltage
Secondary winding
Input voltage
Where, T and T are primary & secondary windings and V & V are the input & output voltages.
1
2
1
2
Some of the advantages of step-up transformers are: - Easy maintenance - High efficiency - Quick start and power transmitter
It converts the high voltage & low current from the primary side into the low voltage & high current on the secondary side of the transformer.
A step-down transformer is useful in providing low voltages which is suitable for electronic supplies in the home.
The schematic representation of the step-down transformer is shown above.
It is mainly used to reduce the voltage of an Alternating Current (AC) power supply.
Primary winding
Seondary winding
flux
Some of the advantages of step-down transformers are - High durability & reliability - Less cost but high efficiency - Provides different voltage supplies for common household applications