CBSE Physics Concept Note: Difference Between Insulator & Conductor

BY Team Aakash Byju's

The movement of electric current or heat through a medium is known as conduction.

Materials are categorised into two kinds based on conduction. These include: – Insulators and – Conductors

Types of materials based on conduction:

An insulator is a material or object that doesn’t allow electric current or heat to flow through it.

Paper, plastic, rubber, glass and air.

Examples

Conductor is a material that allows electric current or heat to flow through it.

Copper, silver, gold, steel, mercury and seawater.

Examples

 A conductor allows the flow of current or heat, but the insulator doesn’t allow the flow of current or heat.

Differences between Insulator and Conductor

 A conductor can store energy but an insulator can’t store energy.

The thermal conduction of a conductor is more, and the thermal conduction of an insulator is less.

Conductors have  free-moving electrons, but insulators do not have free-moving electrons.

Conductors are used to manufacture electric wires, and insulators are used to manufacture insulation of electric wires.