Position Vector — OP = √(x² + y² + z²)Vector Relation — PQ + QR = PRCommutative Law — A + B = B + AAssociative Law — A + (B + C) = (A + B) + CDot Product — A · B = |A| |B| cosθCross Product — A × B = |A| |B| sinθScalar Multiplication — k(A + B) = kA + kBAdditive Identity — A + 0 = A
This Class 12 maths chapter is short and scoring.Concept FormulaConditional probability P(A|B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B)Multiplication theorem P(A ∩ B) = P(A) P(B|A)
Three-Dimensional Geometry Formulas:
Concept FormulaPlane equation = lx + my + nz = dDistance between two points = √[(x₁−x₂)² + (y₁−y₂)² + (z₁−z₂)²]