Why Lithium, Sodium & Potassium are Called Alkali Metals Group?

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These elements belong to group 1. These elements have 1 valence electron. Therefore, they are highly reactive.

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When exposed to moist air, they form a metallic oxide which is basic in nature.

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When they dissolve in water, they form alkalis. Therefore, they are called “Alkali Metals”.

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Example Sodium (being most reactive element), on exposure to air reacts with Oxygen is given below:

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Na2O is a basic oxide, and soluble in water. The reaction of Na2O with water is given below:

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A basic oxide which is soluble in water is called alkali. NaOH is an alkali.

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Group-I metals react with water to give an alkali.

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The Hydroxides of Group-I elements are soluble in water except LiOH, which is sparingly soluble in water.

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Sodium hydroxide and Potassium hydroxide are strong alkalis.

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