By Team Aakash Byju's

Formation Of Hydrogen Molecule By Valence Bond Theory

The valence electron in the 1s orbital of one hydrogen atom overlaps with the unpaired valence electron of another hydrogen atom.

Both the electrons have the same magnitude but opposite spin. They overlap along the internuclear axis.

This s-s overlap forms a σ-covalent bond and hence forms a hydrogen molecule.

The force of attraction between the nuclei of H atoms is more than the force of repulsion between the nuclei as well as their electrons.

When both force of attraction and force of repulsion become equal to each other, they overlap with each other and form a hydrogen molecule.

This formation of a covalent bond due to the overlapping of two half-filled orbitals of the atoms is called the 'valence bond theory'.