Biology Exam 2026:  All Important Diagrams

CBSE Class 12

Important Diagrams to Practice

Human female reproductive system Human male reproductive system Structure of DNA Neuron Human heart Nephron PCR setup Plasmid vector Flower structure Ecosystem diagram Food chain and food web Transcription/Translation diagram

Neuron

Neurons are the fundamental unit of the nervous system specialised to transmit information to different parts of the body

Human heart

It is defined as a hollow, muscular organ having four chambers. It is derived from mesodermal tissue. The size of the human heart is about the size of a clenched fist. The heart is one of the most powerful and labour-intensive muscles in the human body that continues to beat throughout a person's lifetime.

PCR setup

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a pivotal technique in molecular biology that amplifies DNA segments, enabling researchers to analyze and replicate genetic material.

Nephron

Nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidneys. Each kidney has about one million nephrons. Nephrons are long and coiled structures made up of two parts - renal tubules and the glomerulus. The nephrons are held together in the kidney with the help of connective tissues. The term ‘nephron’ is derived from the Greek word ‘nephros’ which stands for the kidney.

Plasmid

Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules present outside the main chromosome. They are called extra-chromosomal because they exist separately from the organism’s genome. Despite not being essential for survival, they often provide helpful traits to the host. Plasmids are transferred between bacteria through various modes of horizontal transfer. This makes them important in sharing traits like antibiotic resistance.

Food Chain

A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another. It starts with primary producers and moves through various levels of consumers.

CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus

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