Interferons are released by white blood cells and help recognize and kill infectious agents like viruses, bacteria, and other parasites.
The interferons interfere with the proliferation of viruses and bacteria. Hence these proteins are called interferons.
Interferons are categorized into three groups. These include alpha interferons, beta interferons and gamma interferons.
Types of Interferons
Interferons produced by white blood cells other than lymphocytes are known as alpha interferons.
Alpha Interferons
Alpha interferons play a major role in the adaptive immune system. These regulate the immune system in the most effective way to fight against the disease-causing microorganisms.
Function
Interferons produced by fibroblast cells are known as beta interferons.
Beta Interferons
Beta interferons play an important role in the adhesion of cells. They transmit signals and activate cellular responses to destroy the microorganisms.
Function
Gamma Interferons regulate the production of lysosomal substances.
Gamma Interferons
They activate macrophages and help in antiviral and antibacterial immunity.