If an action is created without the involvement of thoughts is known as Involuntary action.Example: Functioning of our heart, lungs, blood vessels, etc.
Voluntary Actions
If an action is created with the involvement of thoughts is known as voluntary action.Example: Walking, running,
jumping, etc.
Voluntary actions are produced consciously.
Mechanisms of Voluntary Actions
Voluntary actions are controlled by our thoughts.
The cerebrum of the brain initiates all voluntary actions.
These nerve impulses are generally transmitted from the brain to the effector’s muscles through motor neurons.
Whenever these impulses reach the effector's muscles, they contract to perform the action.
The cerebrum creates all the voluntary actions and controls them through the cerebellum.
Both the spinal cord and brain are involved, which coordinate with the peripheral nervous system.