By Team Aakash Byju's
Chromosomal Disorders are genetic abnormalities caused by changes in one or more chromosomes. This can be divided into several categories:
Aneuploidy is a situation in which chromosomes are lost or gained as a result of abnormal gene segregation during cell division.
It can result in Monosomy, Trisomy, Tetrasomy and other abnormalities.
Down Syndrome is a kind of trisomy in which there is an extra copy of chromosome 21.
Klinefelter Syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs in males due to the presence of an extra X chromosome.
Turner Syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused due to the lack of one X chromosome in females.
Euploidy is a disorder caused by the loss or gain of an entire set of chromosomes, which is most common in plants. It is further subdivided into:
Addition of one or more sets of chromosomes.
Loss of one chromosomal set.
It refers to the existence of an extra portion of a chromosome.
During cell division, a section of a chromosome is lost.
It is the outcome of a chromosomal segment breaking and rejoining after spinning by 180 degrees on its own axis.
Translocation is the transfer of a section of a chromosome to a non-homologous one.